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44 pages 1 hour read

The Book of Goose

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2022

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Chapters 1-26Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 1 Summary

Content Warning: The Book of Goose discusses or depicts sexual harassment and sexual assault (targeting a minor), alcohol addiction, and death by childbirth.

The Book of Goose begins with a metaphor about splitting apart: An orange can be split by a knife, but once this happens, the orange halves can never come together again.

Chapter 2 Summary

The year is 1966. The narrator, Agnès, finds labels arbitrary. Rather, she wants the reader to remember Fabienne. Agnès is famous and living in America, so communication from her mother in France is no longer about pressuring her to become a mother. Agnès’s mother informs her of former friend Fabienne’s death by childbirth at 27. This makes Agnès want to give birth to a baby healthily so she can do something Fabienne couldn’t. However, her husband Earl is unable to have children, and she doesn’t want to leave him or cheat on him. She is from Saint Rémy, France, but she now lives in the Pennsylvania countryside with Earl, where she raises geese. Fabienne’s death inspires Agnès to write again.

Chapter 3 Summary

The year is 1952. Agnès and Fabienne are 13, and Fabienne asks her how to grow happiness. Growing up after World War II is difficult for them, so they instead debate which crops would grow happiness and which would grow misery. Fabienne calls Agnès an “idiot.”

Chapter 4 Summary

Agnès believes happiness should be like Monsieur Devaux’s pigeons, flying away and flying back. Devaux is a man in his sixties who works as the village postmaster. When his wife dies, Agnès can’t attend the funeral because she has school and Fabienne can’t attend because she has work in the fields. The girls visit Madame Devaux’s grave later, bringing flowers in case any adult asks what they’re up to. Their plans are instinctual because “Back then we often knew what we were doing without having to talk things over between ourselves. But was it such a surprise? We were almost one person” (17). A gifted storyteller, Fabienne comes up with another plan for them: writing a book with Devaux’s help. She wants to write a book with Agnès because Agnès has good penmanship.

Chapter 5 Summary

Adult Agnès worries her story about Fabienne is past its expiration date, corrupted by time.

Chapter 6 Summary

As children, Agnès is a more polite student than Fabienne, but Fabienne has an intelligence and a toughness that are intimidating. The girls go to Devaux’s house uninvited on the night of his wife’s funeral. Fabienne knocks on the door until Devaux answers. Fabienne tells him that they have a secret to share.

Chapter 7 Summary

Fabienne tells Devaux that she and Agnès are writing a book, and they need his help. Devaux says the girls are not the type to write books, but Fabienne insists. He agrees to read Agnès’s work thus far. Fabienne later explains to Agnès that she chose Devaux because he’s sad, and sad people need a distraction.

Chapter 8 Summary

Fabienne explains to Agnès that she wants to write a book so other people will know how she and Agnès live. Agnès decides to spend the day with Fabienne so they can start their book. Agnès’s parents don’t mind her being gone because they are taking care of Agnès’s brother Jean, who is dying from the physical toll of his imprisonment in a German labor camp years ago. Fabienne tells a story while Agnès writes it.

Chapter 9 Summary

Agnès and Fabienne bring their first story to Devaux, and he reads it. He and Fabienne then discuss the difference between animals and humans. He insists his pigeons are intelligent, but Fabienne, trying to be cruel, points out they could fly away for good. Agnès recognizes this cruelty, as Fabienne pushed her into a cold river once.

Chapter 10 Summary

Agnès and Fabienne write eight stories about eight dead children. Devaux reads and edits their stories, calling them macabre. He doesn’t act like it, but enjoys their visits. His neighbors note the girls’ visits, and he says he’s tutoring them. When Fabienne suggests he tell the neighbors that he lures them with food, Devaux is embarrassed and insists he appreciates their intellect. Agnès envies how Fabienne and Devaux communicate, with quick wit and shared interests.

Chapter 11 Summary

Agnès and Devaux edit second drafts, while Fabienne plans a second book. Devaux encourages the girls to read his philosophy and poetry books, but Fabienne mocks his superiority.

Chapter 12 Summary

Agnès’s childhood in France was marked by poverty. As an adult, when American fans meet her and ask about France, she knows they don’t want to hear about the real France of her childhood. A young Agnès and Fabienne’s first book is Les Enfants Heureux (The Happy Children), a morbid title considering the book is about dead children. When this book is later published and becomes famous, people wonder why Agnès wrote it. Her readers don’t know that Fabienne, the true storyteller, did things for the sake of doing them.

Chapter 13 Summary

Devaux arranges a trip to Paris for himself and Agnès so they can meet with publishers. Fabienne doesn’t want to go because the book will only credit Agnès as the author, and she doesn’t want to confuse people. Agnès’s brother Jean is worried that she won’t come back from Paris, as he associates trains with German imprisonment. On the way to Paris, Devaux coaches Agnès on how to act with the publishers. He says she shouldn’t talk much so the publishers see her as a simple country girl with a natural intuition for storytelling.

Chapter 14 Summary

One of the publishers, Monsieur Perret, doesn’t believe that a young girl could have written such a book on her own. He has Agnès write a paragraph in front of him so he can verify her authorship. She writes a beautiful paragraph, influenced by a story Fabienne told her.

Chapter 15 Summary

Jean continues his slow journey to death. Agnès’s older sisters, who are married with children of their own, try to visit as much as they can. Agnès and Fabienne start writing a new book about a postman, a young and handsome one. They continue to visit Devaux, and Agnès continues to be jealous of Fabienne and Devaux’s friendship. She doesn’t care about Devaux, but Fabienne likes spending time with him so she can learn about the outside world.

Chapter 16 Summary

The publishers Monsieur Perret and Monsieur Chastain visit Saint Rémy. They want to publish Agnès’s book and bring her to Paris for a press tour. Her parents, though intimidated by the guests, agree to let her go.

Chapter 17 Summary

Fabienne is pleased that her and Agnès’s book will be published but refuses credit as a co-author. Despite being curious about the outside world, she wants Agnès to go to Paris alone. She says Agnès has the face of a genius, a face that attracts people, including men like her own brothers and Devaux.

Chapter 18 Summary

Adult Agnès imagines having a conversation with Fabienne’s ghost. They talk about happiness, with Agnès defining it as spending “every day without craning one’s neck to look forward to tomorrow, next month, next year, and without holding out one’s hands to stop every day from becoming yesterday” (82-83). The summer before Agnès and Fabienne’s book is published, in 1953, is happy; they spend time writing their second book. They give Devaux the first half of their new book to read.

Chapter 19 Summary

Agnès goes to Paris without Devaux for her first round of press. Reporters ask if her book is true, struck by the juxtaposition between her polite demeanor and the morbidity of her book.

Chapter 20 Summary

Part of the appeal of Agnès’s book is its shocking details of her life in the French countryside after World War II. For her, all stories are true and all truths are true in their own way.

Chapter 21 Summary

Chastain’s assistant, Mademoiselle Boverat, prepares Agnès for more press. She explains to Agnès that well-known photographer Monsieur Bazin will photograph her in her village. She buys Agnès new clothes and barrettes, and then takes her on a tour of Paris.

Chapter 22 Summary

Agnès writes Fabienne a letter from her hotel room in Paris. She wants to mail it but worries that Devaux will intercept it.

Chapter 23 Summary

Bazin takes photographs of Agnès, and she enjoys the photoshoot.

Chapter 24 Summary

Agnès doesn’t know what she wants from the publication process and press, so she simply enjoys her time with Boverat.

Chapter 25 Summary

To Agnès, childhood friendships are inexplicable, pure, and more profound than adult types of love. She could question why Fabienne stole her heart, but she figures this line of questioning is pointless.

Chapter 26 Summary

Agnès goes to Paris for two days for press. When she returns to her village, she finds out Jean is dead. Still, she meets with Fabienne to show off her new clothes. Fabienne declares she knows what it means to not be a “virgin,” but refuses to elaborate. She reveals Devaux asked her to be his lover, and Agnès is disgusted. Fabienne contemplates being his lover despite their age gap and her lack of attraction. She figures Devaux would ask any young girl to be his lover, but he asked her because he knows her father doesn’t care enough to intervene. Agnès proposes that she and Fabienne run away to Paris together. However, Fabienne is concerned that Devaux will reveal her as the true storyteller. To her, the only way to keep him quiet would be for him to die.

Chapters 1-26 Analysis

In The Book of Goose, Yiyun Li explores questions of friendship, identity, happiness, and the meaning of life. These existential questions are both inspired and repressed by the primary setting of the impoverished French countryside following World War II. After the war, France had to rebuild itself. The economy reflected years of waging war, with lives lost and national identity left fragile. In the novel, the people of Saint Rémy are characterized by disassociation from emotions, weariness of the world, and resilience. They have been through hardship and adapted accordingly. Hunger and death are commonplace in Saint Rémy. The residents have lost parents and siblings to war, hunger, sickness and childbirth, among other life-threatening situations. The people of Saint Rémy do not have the ambition of upward mobility: In mid-20th century France, farmers who descended from a lineage of farmers would likely continue to be farmers. It is not expected for someone as smart as Fabienne to continue with school because she is expected to herd her family’s farm animals.

This setting is crucial to character development and emerging themes. Because Fabienne’s potential is hindered by her family’s poverty and need to survive, she doesn’t have ambition—introducing the theme of The Suppression of Female Autonomy. Still, she needs intellectual stimulation beyond her cattle, so she starts writing books with best friend Agnès. Her need to tell stories is a direct result of her mind at work, while her community holds her back from pursuing all that her mind can do. The setting also captures what Agnès is going through with her own family. The slow, wretched death of her brother Jean is symbolic of France post-World War II. Just as France was occupied by German forces, so too was Jean’s life ruined in a German labor camp. A former soldier, Jean’s imprisonment highlights the human cost of war, its traumatic impact. While the rest of France is trying to rebuild, a traumatized Jean is unable to. He gave up his life for France, a sacrifice framed as arbitrary and unnecessary given the juxtaposition between his pain and the hardships of his community. Agnès is unable to truly grieve her brother when he finally dies because her younger self never truly knew him. Thus, just as Agnès only knows her country through poverty, so too does she only know her brother through his slow death. Jean is a symbolic embodiment of the French experience before and after World War II.

Another reason why the setting is important is because it sets Agnès up for fame. Due to the vast wealth gap, objectifying poverty becomes a spectacle. France’s history with monarchy comprises peasants who tilled land they didn’t own, people whose own histories eventually pass down to the likes of Agnès and Fabienne. The objectification of Agnès as a commodity occurs because the wealthy can’t fathom that an undereducated girl from a notoriously impoverished place could have the talent to write a successful book. In these chapters, Agnès is on the cusp of becoming famous for her book, which is indicative of both its merit and some readers’ objectification. This objectification is a form of patronizing pity, not empathy. Through the publication process and press, Li therefore explores how ambition can both free and enslave oneself to others’ greed.

This novel is told through Agnès’s first-person perspective, but the role of protagonist is shared between her and Fabienne. Fabienne holds sway over Agnès. As a teenager, Agnès idolized her and uses her as a mirror through which to compare herself—introducing the theme of The Complex Intimacy of Young Friendship. The girls are best friends, but this characterization doesn’t capture their level of intimacy. They are extensions of each other, Agnès perhaps more so than Fabienne. The reader is not privy to Fabienne’s perspective, which means that while Agnès spends her childhood believing Fabienne is better than her, it is possible that Fabienne felt similarly. Despite their intimacy, there are power dynamics at play. Fabienne is the leader of the pair, as can be seen by the way she dominates conversation and pushes Agnès to act. Agnès adores Fabienne and believes she won’t know how to identify herself without her. When an adult Agnès looks back on her childhood, the reader knows she will eventually form selfhood without Fabienne. However, as children, friendship is especially formative to development. In some ways, Fabienne is the antithesis of Agnès, but their connection runs deep and doesn’t require explanation. Notably, Fabienne gives up some power when she dictates the first book to Agnès and refuses to take credit. This decision will make Agnès famous and give her a different life.

Despite her intelligence, Fabienne doesn’t imagine her future as different from her present—therefore she doesn’t see the point in becoming a published author. The reader knows Fabienne will die by childbirth at 27, reenforcing her as a “victim” of the cycle of poverty. Monsieur Devaux is another cog in this system. In comparison to Fabienne, Devaux is privileged and powerful. He is an older man with some money and a reliable government job that requires skills (postmaster). These things give him power, exacerbated when Agnès’s parents let her travel alone with him. Devaux is a fixture of his community, respected as a man. However, he meets resistance in Fabienne, a 13-year-old girl with little to no education who teases him for his superiority. This highlights Fabienne’s innate power, a power she is unable to fully realize. As if to regain power, Devaux proposes that they become lovers, weaponizing their age gap despite having just lost his wife. While Devaux’s neighbors view his proximity to Agnès and Fabienne with suspicion, his proposal isn’t framed as shocking, emphasizing that girls who grow up in poverty are often considered disposable.

As children, Agnès and Fabienne often discuss the nature of happiness. They do so despite living in a culture that finds the pursuit of happiness pointless. This dichotomy frames the desire to be happy as an innate part of the human condition. Agnès and Fabienne can’t help but discuss what happiness is or could be. Because Fabienne resigns herself to a life as a poor farmer, she must find another way to be happy. She and Agnès prove resilient, with their conversations, stories, and vulnerability being their way of being happy. Through these discussions, Li also presents the message that happiness is not one thing, that happiness can be found in small things. Likewise, she contemplates storytelling and reading. Storytelling is a creative act—introducing the theme of Memory, Narrative, and Storytelling. Fabienne is a natural storyteller who sees beauty, ugliness, and truth in many situations and communicates them through stories. Her stories reflect life in Saint Rémy and her own philosophy; her storytelling is innate, unteachable. This talent furthers the separation between Fabienne and Agnès, a separation Agnès wants to avoid. However, she is a good listener and a strong writer, whose skills are practiced, teachable. Thus, the girls’ collaboration through their first book explores the blurred line between fiction and truth, writer and reader, story and consumer. As for The Book of Goose itself, Agnès’s perspective positions her as the narrator and therefore the writer of the novel: If Agnès is writing a novel about Fabienne, who dictated stories for her, then Li challenges the reliability of Agnès’s stories.

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