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57 pages 1 hour read

Crash

Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 1996

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Themes

The Misunderstood Nature of Bullies

A bully is frustrated by important people in his life, and at the same time he feels superior to others and therefore has the right to traumatize them for his own stress relief. Thus, he takes out his pain on others. Crash illustrates how anger and entitlement blend together in the life of Crash Coogan.

As a small child, Crash gets his nickname when he greets a cousin at the door by barreling into her, football style, and knocking her backward into the snow. Crash enjoys digging holes in the front yard, pouring the dirt onto his mom’s pansies, and peeling bark off their trees.

These behaviors might sound cute or silly, if a bit vicious, but as the story progresses, it becomes clear they’re Crash’s ways of protesting the emotional neglect he suffers under his parents’ roof. His parents are ambitious and hard working—his dad runs a firm, and his mom sells real estate—and he feels fortunate to get any attention from them at all. He wants to invite his father to attend his first game as a football player, but his dad, working at home, is busy: “I figured I better not press my luck. I backed on out” (60).

His mom, meanwhile, is too tired, when she gets home, to interact with her kids. Crash’s sister, Abby, goes so far as to pester her mother just to get her attention: “I have to be perky, Mom, 'cause youre so tired all the time. I gotta make up for you” (43). While Abby goes to these lengths, Crash also wishes for more interaction with them. At home, though, he’s deferential and almost never complains. He’s afraid to protest against his parents and isn’t sure how to go about expressing his emotions. At home, he has no outlet.

At school, Crash is tall and strong for his age, and he’s an immediate success on the football team, where his aggression pays off. He’s inspired to work hard at sports in the hopes that his parents will attend and see him perform. They never show up and always beg off because they’re too busy.

Crash receives high fives from other students for his many touchdowns, and he begins to feel that he’s “awesome” and entitled to deferential treatment from others. Frustrated at home but popular at school, he takes out his anger on Penn Webb, whose only sin, aside from being geeky, is his desire to be friends with Crash. Uncomfortable with attention from a boy he doesn’t respect, and encouraged by Mike, his best friend, Crash rejects Penn with cruel taunts and torments. Because many other kids also feel awkward around Penn, Crash’s bullying of the boy gets compliments.

Crash’s senses of superiority and entitlement reach a fever pitch when he takes aim at Jane Forbes, a beautiful new student who catches his eye. At a school event, he barges up to her, announces that he’s wearing a men’s-size shirt, crows about his football achievements, and grabs her hand to pull her onto the dance floor. Jane resists successfully and berates him; when her friend Penn appears, Crash takes aim at him, threatening him and knocking him down. Though he’s punished by the school and his parents, Crash’s bullying receives positive feedback from other students. He becomes convinced that he’s invincible and can do what he wants at school.

Crash has no idea that the people he harms would make wonderful friends because he can’t see past his own selfish priorities. His frustrations at home combined with his sheer size and his popularity at school to turn him into an arrogant, violent tormentor. These circumstances prompt Crash into becoming a bully.

How to Stand Up to a Bully

Crash thinks he’s special, above his fellow students, and entitled to their deference. If someone offends him, he feels free to abuse that person. This doesn’t mean those people must bow to him, and two of them—Penn Webb and Jane Forbes—resist his bullying, each in their own way. They share a power Crash can’t overcome: Their stances against him are based on principle.

Penn is friendly and kind but socially awkward; this makes Crash feel uncomfortable—he thinks such people are far beneath him—and he makes a hobby of taunting Penn during seventh grade. Penn ignores Crash’s mistreatment and simply walks away. When Crash or Mike try to provoke Penn, he refuses and takes whatever physical punishment they impose.

Penn was raised to be non-violent and loving toward everyone and these principles gives him the inner resources to stand up to Crash. His fortitude bothers Crash because it’s a bravery that Crash doesn’t have. He wonders how Penn can be so courageous and his bullying fails to create the intended effect. For Crash, it’s not fun to torment someone who won’t respond.

Jane Forbes, for whom Crash yearns, knows at once that Crash is a bully. She’s polite but distant toward him, which only inflames Crash’s desire. At a school dance, he overcomes his fear of her rejection by pumping himself up with arrogance: “I was Crash Coogan. No more messing around. No more cruising by with a dinky little wave and hoping she would smile at me” (83). He boasts to her and tries to drag her toward the dance floor when he finally does approach Jane.

Jane does not tolerate Crash’s behavior, and she kicks his leg. When Crash turns to threaten her, she gets in his face: “youre just pathetic. You have a big mouth. You bully people around. You dont care about anybodys feelings” (86). She’s willing to fight him, not because she’s stronger than he is, but because she believes his actions are wrong and should be defied on principle. Her words don’t change him, but they slow him down.

Thus, both Jane and Penn stand up to Crash. Though their approaches differ—Penn absorbs Crash’s torment, while Jane fights back openly—both are inspired and strengthened by principle. Penn refuses to be violent; Jane refuses to be pushed around; this gives them the courage to stand up to bullies.

Bully Reformation is Possible

Through Crash’s point of view, it becomes evident that a bully can only be reformed through self-motivation. Only when Crash sees for himself that bullying causes his life to worsen—when his behavior pushes away people he cares about—does Crash find reason to change. With the Scooter’s health deteriorating, Crash experiences a big loss that makes him re-think his life for the better.

As a bully, Crash is unreachable: No one can best him physically, and no one can convince him that he is ever out of line. All he cares about is winning, and if he out-argues or outfights another, that’s proof to him that he’s socially successful. Even when he makes a ridiculous fool of himself in front of Jane Forbes, he decides that her overt rejection of him means she’s interested in him: “I didn’t really care about the words. What I cared about was that finally Jane Forbes was standing still and facing me and talking to me” (86). He lives in a fantasy world, and gets away with his behavior that leads him to think he’s cool.

One of the few people Crash really cares about is his grandfather, Scooter. Crash, overly competitive during a family football game, breaks the touch-football rules and tackles Scooter, slamming him to the ground. Scooter hits his head hard and while he’s okay at the time, three weeks later, he has a massive stroke. Devastated by this, and unable to shake the thought that he might have caused it, Crash begins to question his overly aggressive ways.

At first, he behaves superstitiously, buying a ridiculous gift for Scooter to ward off the fear that, if he doesn’t get one, this will mean he expects Scooter to die and his neglect will bring that about. Then he begins to pay attention to his sister’s concerns; no longer does he dismiss her as his goofball kid sibling. Quietly, he helps her with her backyard wildlife preserve project, offering advice on how to make it more tolerable to their parents.

As his perspective shifts, Crash realizes that Penn’s devotion to his pet turtle isn’t dorky, but an act of caring for a fragile loved one. At school, Crash can’t bring himself to continue tormenting Penn. This causes a rift between Crash and Mike, who complains, “What’s the matter with you?” After his self-reflection leads him to realize his cruel ways, Crash replies, Figure it out” (143).

His respect for family and friendships continues to grow until he gives up the one thing he’d normally never sacrifice: victory in a contest. Out of respect both for Scooter and for Penn’s great-grandfather, Henry, Crash deliberately loses the race tryout to Penn. Crash’s intentional loss allows Penn to represent their school at the Penn Relays, where his grandfather, a former Penn racer, can watch his great-grandson compete.

With a new outlook on life, Crash becomes a valuable friend to others. With Abby, he tells stories to Scooter while he recuperates, returning the favor he once provided to them. He respects Penn, and they become best friends. Even Jane Forbes recognizes his change of heart, and she invites him into her social world.

It takes Scooter’s health emergency to rearrange Crash’s beliefs and attitudes. To his credit, he rises to the challenge, makes some serious changes, and reveals the great person who was hiding inside him. Crash’s story illustrates how a change of heart for bullies must be internally motivated and reform can only come through a conscious effort to change.

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